Process of colloiding carbohydrate esters and product thereof.



HOWARD W. MATHESON, OF WILMINGTON, DELAWARE, ASSIGNOR TO E. I. DU PONT DE NEMOURS POWDER COMPANY, NEW JERSEY.

OF WILMINGTON, DELAWARE, A CORPORATION OF PROCESS OF GOLLOIDING CARBOHYDRATE ESTERS AND PRODUCT THEREOF.

inc. 5

Llfijlflfig Specifieation of Letters Patent. Patentgd NQ 23, 19155,,

No Drawing. Application filed November 4, 1913, Serial No. 799,109. Renewed April 14, 1915. Serial No.

To all wkom z't may concern: and product of colloiding the compounds Be it known that I, HOWARD W. MATHE- soN, of Wilmington, in the county of New Castle, and in the State of Delaware, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Processes of Colloiding Carbohydrate Esters and Products Thereof, and do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof.

My invention relates to the colloiding of carbon compounds such as carbohydrate esters and more particularly the nitrates of cellulose, for example pyroxylin, and to the product formed thereby.

y invention is applicable to many different industries, but it is particularly adapted for use in connection with the celluloid, artificial leather and photographic film industries. It is, however, especially valuable in connection with the celluloid in dustry and, for the purpose of illustration, I shall. describe my invention more particularly With reference to said-industry.

.Hitherto, in the process of making celluloid, it hasbeen customary to use camphor,

together with a' volatile solvent 9 such as alcohol, inorder to, colloid the'nitrocellulose. In such process it has been customary to remove the alcohol in the final steps of the process. fore, containing practically only camphor and nitrocellulose, cannot be easily reworked and molded into the shape desired, owing to the fact that the melting point of champhor is above "the point at which nitrocellulose decomposes. A-further disadvantage is that camphor is somewhat volatile at ordinary temperatures, which is a source of difliculty' in many industries in' which celluloid isus'ed.

The, object of my invention a substitute for'the camphor, wholly or in .part, as a colloiding agent of carbohydrate esters such, for. example,

as nitrocellulose, as for example pyroxylin, so as to avoid the disadvantages connected with the use of camphor-as a colloiding agentfand so'as to provide .a vcolloiding agent having many invention comprises,

advantages in the process of producing celluloid over previous processes.

My'invention is capable of being carried outin many different ways. In general, my

The resulting product, thereis to provide" C. Its low however, the processreferred to by the application of an ester formed from an aromatic carboxylic acid and a phenol or the homologues thereof, or

the substitution products of such com-- pounds.

In general, my

invention may comprise the application of phenolic esters of benzoic acid, substituted benzoic acid or homologues eon-moo s,

Inasmuch as .phenyl benzoate is only slightly soluble in alcohol, the alcohol ordinarily used in the production of celluloid is replaced whollyor in part by another solvent or solvents'such, for tone, ethyl acetate, etc. If desired, I may use instead, alcohol mixed with benzol or toluol, inasmuch as phenyl benzoate is soluble in such solvents.

'. As an illustrative example ofthe course of procedure, I may mix 75 parts of nitrocellulose with 25 parts of phenyl benzoate or with tenparts of phenyl benzoate and 15 parts or camphor, and the colloiding may be assisted by the addition of 100 parts of volatile solvent, comprising, for example,

4.0 parts of ethyl alcohol, 10 partsof acetone, and parts of benzol. The'volatile solvent is now removed in any desired manner, and the massmay be worked and molded in substantially the same manner as in working camphor celluloid, except that much lower temperatures are employed.

Phenyl benzoate has many advantages as a colloiding agent; It is a white, crystalline body melting at 70 C. and boiling at 314 celluloid made by its -'use to-be reworked and molded at a much lower temperature than camphor celluloid. At 60 the celluloid example, as ace:

melting point enables a body of phenyl benzoate as a colloiding agent, I

have made special reference to this compound merely because it can, at the present time, be more cheaply prepared than other similar compounds such, for example, as other phenolic benzoates.

While I have described my inventionv above in detail. I wish it to be understood that many changes may be made therein without departing from the spirit of my invention. I

I claim:

1. The process which comprises colloiding a carbohydrate ester with a benzoic ester of one of the homologous series of phenols, of which phenol is a member.

2. The process which comprises colloiding a cellulose nitrate with a benzoic ester of one of the homologous series of phenols, of which phenol isa member.

3. The process which comprises colloiding pyroxylin with a benzoic ester of one of the homologous series of phenols, of which phenol is a member.

4. The process which comprises colloiding a carbohydrate ester with phenyl benzoate.

5. The process which comprises colloiding a cellulose nitrate with phenyl benzoate.

6. The process which comprises colloiding pyroxylin with phenyl benzoate.

7. The process which comprises colloiding a carbohydrate ester with a liquid comprising a benzoic ester of one of the homologous i'eries of phenols, of which phenol is a memer. a

8. The process which comprises colloiding a cellulose nitrate with a liquid comprising phenyl benzoate.

9. The process which comprises colloiding a carbohydrate ester with a liquid comprising a. benzoic ester of one of the homologous series of phenols, of which phenol is a member, and a volatile solvent.

'10. The process which comprises colloiding a cellulose nitrate with a liquid comprising phenyl benzoate and a volatile solvent.

11. The process which comprises colloiding a carbohydrate ester with a liquid comprising a benzoic ester of one of the homologous series of phenols, of which phenol is a member, a volatile solvent and camphor.

. 12. The process which comprises colloiding a cellulose nitrate with a liquid comprising phenyl benzoate, a volatile solvent and camphor.

13. The process which comprises colloiding a carbohydrate ester with a liquid comprising a benzoic ester of one of the homologous series of phenols, of which phenol is a member, and a volatile solvent. and then removing the volatile solvent.

14. The process which comprises colloiding a cellulose nitrate with a liquid comprising phenyl benzoate and a volatile solvent, and then removing the volatile solvent.

15. The process which comprises colloiding a carbohydrate ester with a liquid comprising a benzoic ester of one of the homologous series of phenols, of which phenol is a member, a volatile solvent and camphor, and

then removing the volatile solvent.

16. The process which comprises colloiding a cellulose nitrate with a liquid comprising phenyl benzoate, a volatile solvent and camphor, and then removing the volatile solvent.

17. A composition comprising a carbohydrate ester and a benzoic ester of one of the homologous series of phenols, of which phenol isv a member. 7

18. A composition comprising a cellulose nitrate and a benzoic ester of one of the homologous series of phenols, of which phe 26. A composition of matter comprising a I carbohydrate ester, a benzoic ester of one of the homologous series of phenols of which phenol is a member, and camphor.

27. composition .of matter comprising a cellulose nitrate, a benzoic ester of one of the homologous series of phenols, of which phenol is a member, and camphor.

28. A composition of matter comprising pyroxylin, a benzoic ester of one of the homologous series of phenols, of which phenol is a member, and camphor.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing I have hereunto set my hand.

' HOWARD W. MATHESON.

Witnesses:

NATTE E. NEASLAND,

HAMILTON BRADSHAW. 

